In‑Liquid Sputtering and Direct Transfer onto Graphene: A Clean Route to Ni–Graphene Electrocatalysts

Sputtering in low-vapor-pressure liquids provides a clean and versatile route for synthesizing nanostructured electrocatalysts.1–3 In this work, Nickel–Graphene (Ni-G) nanohybrids were synthesized via radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering of Ni into polyethylene glycol (PEG), with direct in-liquid transfer onto graphene (G) sheets. This single-step, chemical-free approach enables uniform nanoparticle dispersion, strong interfacial contact, and preserves nanoscale architecture, offering a green and scalable route for water electrolysis catalysts.