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Thin LGADs and thin silicon diodes for applications in radiotherapy

Low gain avalanche diodes (LGADs) and thin n-on-p silicon diodes, when read out by fast and custom electronics, exhibit characteristics that make them promising candidates for the development of new detectors for clinical applications such as beam commissioning, diagnostics and monitoring, dosimetry, and online treatment delivery verification. Compared to gas ionization chambers, these detectors offer significantly higher sensitivity, enabling the detection of single particles at fluxes of up...

Preparing assessment literate teachers: A cross-national trend analysis

Preparing teachers for assessment (i.e., assessment literacy) represents a contested issue, both at the educational policy and practice levels. Entering this debate, we explored patterns of initial teacher education (ITE), continuous professional development (CPD), assessment practices, and teachers’ learning needs in the assessment domain. Using data from the IEA-PIRLS teacher questionnaire (2011–2021) and the OECD-TALIS (2008–2018), a cross-national trend analysis was performed. Variability...

Neural Generative Models and the Parallel Architecture of Language: A Critical Review and Outlook

According to the parallel architecture, syntactic and semantic information processing are two separate streams that interact selectively during language comprehension. While considerable effort is put into psycho- and neurolinguistics to understand the interchange of processing mechanisms in human comprehension, the nature of this interaction in recent neural Large Language Models remains elusive. In this article, we revisit influential linguistic and behavioral experiments and evaluate the a...

Physical partisan proximity outweighs online ties in predicting US voting outcomes

Affective polarization and increasing social divisions affect social mixing and the spread of information across online and physical spaces, reinforcing social and electoral cleavages and influencing political outcomes. Here, using individual survey data and aggregated and de-identified co-location and online network data, we investigate the relationship between partisan exposure and vote choice in the United States by comparing offline and online dimensions of partisan exposure. By leveragin...

Job loss disrupts individuals’ mobility and their exploratory patterns

In recent years, human mobility research has discovered universal patterns capable of describing how people move. These regularities have been shown to partly depend on individual and environmental characteristics (e.g., gender, rural/urban, and country). In this work, we show that life-course events, such as job loss, can disrupt individual mobility patterns. Adversely affecting individuals’ well-being and potentially increasing the risk of social and economic inequalities, we show that job ...

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