We report on the design and characterization of a 32 x 32 time-to-digital converter (TOC) array implemented in a 130 nm imaging CMOS technology. The 10-bit TOCs exhibit a timing resolution of 119 ps with a timing uniformity across the entire array of less than 2 LSBs. The differential- and integral non-linearity (ONL and INL) were measured at ± 0.4 and ±t.2 LSBs respectively. The TOC array was fabricated with a pitch of 50pm in both directions and with a total TOC area of less than 2000pm 2. The characteristics of the array make it an excellent candidate for in-pixel TOC in time-resolved imagers for applications such as 3-0 imaging and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM).
A Parallel 32x32 Time-to-Digital Converter Array Fabricated in a 130nm Imaging CMOS Technology
Borghetti, Fausto;Stoppa, David;
2009-01-01
Abstract
We report on the design and characterization of a 32 x 32 time-to-digital converter (TOC) array implemented in a 130 nm imaging CMOS technology. The 10-bit TOCs exhibit a timing resolution of 119 ps with a timing uniformity across the entire array of less than 2 LSBs. The differential- and integral non-linearity (ONL and INL) were measured at ± 0.4 and ±t.2 LSBs respectively. The TOC array was fabricated with a pitch of 50pm in both directions and with a total TOC area of less than 2000pm 2. The characteristics of the array make it an excellent candidate for in-pixel TOC in time-resolved imagers for applications such as 3-0 imaging and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM).I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
