Electromagnetic dosimetry for cellular communication systems

This work focuses on the evaluation of power absorption in a human body exposed to the field emitted by mobile communication systems. Two main exposure situations are considered: exposure to base station antennas, and to mobile phones. In the first, a parallel implementation of the FDTD method has been used to accommodate antenna and body models in the same lattice. The antenna model has been obtained by direct inspection of an actual BTS antenna and has been validated both by field measurements and simulations. Two different body models have been used: the Visible Human, that is a model where the tissues have been classified, and one obtained without tissues classification. Results are compared with ICNIRP guidelines and with the European Standard concerning the put-into-market of commercial antennas. With reference to the exposure to the field emitted by a mobile phone, the minimization of a cost function, based on the differences between numerical field evaluation and measurements on the actual phone, has been proposed to develop accurate numerical phone models. This procedure has been applied to a commercial helix-equipped mobile phone. The model thus developed has been used to study the exposure of a human head. Results show that the peak absorption changes its position according to the phone-head distance